Accessibility resource

Section 508 Reference

The U.S. Section 508 standards (the 2017 ICT Refresh) incorporate WCAG 2.0 Level A and AA success criteria by reference for web content and electronic documents. Browse the requirements federal agencies are held to.

5
Standard categories
16
Mapped requirements
WCAG 2.0 A & AA
Incorporated by reference

Showing 16 of 16 requirements

1194.21(a) Keyboard Operation

Required

When software is designed to run on a system that has a keyboard, product functions shall be executable from a keyboard

Requirements:
  • All functionality must be available from the keyboard
  • No exceptions for mouse-only functions unless alternative keyboard access is provided
  • Keyboard shortcuts must not conflict with operating system or assistive technology shortcuts

1194.21(b) Focus Indicators

Required

Applications shall not disrupt or disable activated features of other products that are identified as accessibility features

Requirements:
  • Focus indicators must be clearly visible
  • Focus must not be hidden or obscured by other content
  • Focus order must be logical and predictable

1194.22(a) Text Equivalents

Required

A text equivalent for every non-text element shall be provided

Requirements:
  • Images must have appropriate alt text
  • Complex images must have longer descriptions
  • Decorative images must have empty alt text
  • Image maps must have alt text for each hotspot

1194.22(b) Multimedia Presentations

Required

Equivalent alternatives for any multimedia presentation shall be synchronized with the presentation

Requirements:
  • Videos must have captions for audio content
  • Audio descriptions must be provided for visual content
  • Synchronized captions must be accurate and complete

1194.22(d) Document Reading Order

Required

Documents shall be organized so they are readable without requiring an associated style sheet

Requirements:
  • Content must be in logical reading order
  • Meaning must be preserved without CSS
  • Heading structure must be semantic and hierarchical

1194.22(i) Frames

Required

Frames shall be titled with text that facilitates frame identification and navigation

Requirements:
  • All frames must have descriptive titles
  • Frame titles must indicate the frame content or purpose
  • Avoid generic titles like "frame" or "content"

WCAG 1.4.6 Enhanced Contrast (AAA)

Best Practice

Beyond the 4.5:1 minimum required by Section 508, provide a contrast ratio of at least 7:1 for normal text to better support users with low vision.

Requirements:
  • Aim for a 7:1 contrast ratio for body text (4.5:1 for large text)
  • Verify contrast for text placed over images or gradients
  • Offer a high-contrast theme where feasible

WCAG 2.4.10 Section Headings (AAA)

Best Practice

Use descriptive headings to organize content into sections, making long documents easier to navigate and skim.

Requirements:
  • Break long content into clearly titled sections
  • Use a logical heading hierarchy (H1–H6) without skipping levels
  • Make heading text describe the section that follows

WCAG 3.1.5 Plain Language & Reading Level (AAA)

Best Practice

Where text requires reading ability beyond the lower secondary education level, provide a simpler version or supplemental content.

Requirements:
  • Write in plain language and define necessary jargon
  • Provide summaries for complex or technical content
  • Prefer short sentences and active voice

WCAG 2.4.9 Link Purpose, Link Text Only (AAA)

Best Practice

Make each link’s purpose clear from its link text alone, without relying on the surrounding context.

Requirements:
  • Avoid ambiguous link text such as “click here” or “read more”
  • Front-load links with their destination or purpose
  • Ensure links to different destinations have distinguishable text

WCAG 1.4.8 Customizable Visual Presentation (AAA)

Best Practice

Let users adjust how blocks of text are presented to improve readability for low-vision and dyslexic readers.

Requirements:
  • Do not fully justify text (avoid uneven word spacing)
  • Support line spacing of at least 1.5 within paragraphs
  • Ensure text reflows without horizontal scrolling at 200% zoom

1194.23(a) TTY Support

Required

Telecommunications products or systems which provide a function allowing voice communication shall support TTY use

Requirements:
  • Voice communication systems must work with TTY devices
  • TTY signals must be passed through without degradation
  • Support for standard TTY protocols

1194.24(a) Audio Descriptions

Required

All analog television displays 13 inches and larger, and computer equipment that includes analog television receiver or display circuitry, shall be equipped with caption decoder circuitry

Requirements:
  • Caption decoder circuitry must be included
  • Captions must be displayed when available
  • User controls for caption display must be provided

WCAG 1.2.6 Sign Language Interpretation (AAA)

Best Practice

Provide sign language interpretation for prerecorded audio content in synchronized media — valuable for users whose first language is a signed language.

Requirements:
  • Offer a sign language track for prerecorded videos with audio
  • Position the interpreter clearly and large enough to read
  • Keep interpretation synchronized with the spoken content

WCAG 1.2.7 Extended Audio Description (AAA)

Best Practice

When pauses in the foreground audio are insufficient to describe the video, pause playback to insert extended audio descriptions.

Requirements:
  • Add extended descriptions where standard pauses are too short
  • Pause the video as needed to convey essential visual information
  • Ensure descriptions cover on-screen text and key actions

1194.25(a) Mechanically Operated Controls

Required

Mechanically operated controls or keys shall comply with requirements

Requirements:
  • Controls must be tactilely discernible
  • Controls must not require tight grasping, pinching, or twisting
  • Force required must not exceed 5 pounds

Check your documents against Section 508

See exactly where your PDFs fall short of the WCAG 2.0 A & AA criteria Section 508 requires — then fix them.

This reference is based on Section 508 Standards from the U.S. Access Board.